Though opinions have always differed as regards punishment of offenders varying from age-old traditionalism to recent modernism, broadly speaking four types of views can be distinctly found to prevail. Modem penologists prefer to call them ‘theories of punishment’. The line of demarcation between these theories are, however, so then that Read more…
However, where any first offender is convicted by a Magistrate of the second class not specifically empowered by the High Court, and the Magistrate is of opinion that the powers conferred by this Section should be exercised, he shall record his opinion to that effect, and submit the proceedings to Read more…
Quality of care measurement generally involves two basic concepts: (i) the quality of the general care, relating to care services incorporating organisational and the men- materials-money-machines inputs, and (ii) the other relating to cure service or the quality of the art-of-care that is, clinical audit. 1. A review of the Read more…
Common types of cancer are oral cancer, esophageal cancer, cancer of cervix uteri, lung cancer, stomach cancer, gall bladder cancer, hepatic cancer, breast cancer etc. Oral and esophageal cancers are among the most malignant diseases in India, mostly due to habit of smoking and tobacco chewing. Cancer of cervix uteri Read more…
With the advance of science and knowledge in social disciplines, there has been a wave of renaissance and reformation throughout the European continent. The Declaration of Rights of Man in France in 1787 marked the end of draconian punishments and the beginning of methodical system of punishment founded on sound Read more…
The substance of the system is that when engaged in work as a punishment, it does not entail any loss of freedom and at the same time enables the convict to re-educate himself in supervision of his fellow workers. They find the work profitable and advantageous to themselves and have Read more…
In India nearly 12 million blind people exist and the number is gradually increasing due to industrialisation, malnutrition, poverty and so many other factors discussed below. Causes of Blindness: (i) Communicable diseases responsible for blindness are smallpox, measles, leprosy, trachoma and sexually transmitted diseases. (ii) Non-communicable diseases responsible for blindness Read more…
Society, in general, agrees that the taking of an innocent life is an unforgivable act, and that the rape of children is particularly heinous. I will argue that all persons convicted of the crime of murder or the rape of a child under ten years of age should be given Read more…
504 (Section 504 of The Rehabilitation Act of 1973)What the 504 Law Does in Brief and Who it Affectso The 504 Law proscribes prejudices against individuals with disabilities with the incorporation of “equal education access”.o In major, the 504 law impacts public schools and governmental agency populations while also Read more…
Introduction History Prior to the 1700s all through the 1800s implementation of constitutional governments in Western Europe, penalties were administered arbitrarily, based on the impulses of local nobles and monarch to whom they confer the power to administer punishment. Therefore very little balanced categories of penalties was applied, such that Read more…
It would also infuse self-confidence among them and they can think of returning to society as a law abiding citizen. The greatest advantage of putting inmates to work as suggested by the penitentiary Conference is that the wages earned by the prisoners can be utilised for supporting their family and Read more…
People in the society should be able to live in harmony with each other. However, it is not always the case since some of the members in the society do not abide by the laws set in the society that ensures that people live in harmony. It is for this Read more…
The British policy of separating the tribals from the rest of the people created suspicion in the minds of the nationalists. They severely criticised the British policy and charged the British with preventing a large section of our countrymen from joining the mainstream of national life. “In practice what happened Read more…
Juveniles in India are persons under the age of 18, also, known as minors. The law considers ‘intension’ as the most basic condition behind declaring a person guilty for a particular crime and therefore, keeping many factors in mind it assumes that the tender minds (under 18 years of age) Read more…
(ii) First five years of age are very important for a child because during these five years behaviour disorders commonly develop. Therefore it is very important that proper atmosphere should be provided for normal personality development of the child. (iii) School provides a number of new experiences to the child Read more…
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